Gynaecological surgery treats conditions of the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes and pelvic floor — from fibroids and ovarian cysts to endometriosis and prolapse. Most procedures today are done with minimally invasive (keyhole) techniques, which usually mean smaller scars, less pain and a faster recovery. This guide explains the main operations, how they are performed, and what to expect.
What is gynaecological surgery?
Gynaecological surgery is any operation on the female reproductive organs. It may be done to relieve symptoms (such as heavy bleeding or pelvic pain), to remove growths (such as fibroids or cysts), to investigate a problem, or to protect fertility and health. At our Istanbul clinic, surgery is carried out in partnership with Acıbadem, an internationally recognised, JCI-accredited hospital group.
Open, laparoscopic or hysteroscopic?
There are three broad ways to operate:
- Hysteroscopic — through the natural opening of the cervix, with no skin cuts (for example, hysteroscopy to remove polyps or small fibroids inside the womb).
- Laparoscopic (keyhole) — through a few small incisions using a camera, for many cyst, fibroid and endometriosis operations.
- Open (laparotomy) — through a larger incision, used for very large growths or complex cases.
Your surgeon recommends the safest, least invasive option that fits your specific situation.
Conditions we treat
- Fibroids, with myomectomy when removal is needed
- Ovarian cysts requiring removal
- Endometriosis
- Heavy or abnormal bleeding, including when a hysterectomy is considered
- Uterine polyps and intrauterine problems assessed by hysteroscopy
What to expect during recovery
Recovery depends on the operation. Keyhole and hysteroscopic procedures often allow you to go home the same day or after one night, with a return to light activity within days to two weeks. Open surgery needs a longer stay and several weeks of recovery. Your team gives you clear, written aftercare instructions and follow-up.
Is surgery always necessary?
No. Many conditions are first managed with medication, monitoring or office procedures. Surgery is recommended only when it is the best option for your symptoms, fertility goals and overall health — and the decision is always made with you.
Costs and international patients
Surgical prices are transparent; your exact, all-inclusive figure is confirmed in writing after your consultation. See our price list for details. A multilingual patient coordinator supports international patients from the first message through after-care.
Frequently asked questions
Will I have a large scar? Usually not — most operations are keyhole, leaving only small marks. Open surgery is reserved for specific cases.
Will surgery affect my fertility? Many operations (such as myomectomy or cyst removal) are designed to preserve fertility. Your surgeon will discuss this with you in advance.
How soon can I return to work? Often within one to two weeks after keyhole surgery, longer after open surgery — your team will advise based on your job.
Sources: RCOG, NICE, ACOG and accepted gynaecological-surgery guidance. This article is for general education and does not replace a medical consultation. Reviewed by Assist. Prof. Dr. Muzaffer Uçarer (Obstetrics & Gynaecology), UCARER Women’s Health, Istanbul.
